Gas burner



Nov. 13,1925 1, ,2

H. E. KERR GAS BURNER Fil d June 17 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 3, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,560,24 PATENT" OFFICE.

HARRY n. KERR, or CLEVELAND, orno, AssIe von. TO THE CLEVELAND ens Bulimia & APPLIANCE COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION or OHIO.

ens Bosnian. I

' Application filed June 17, 1924, Serial No. 720,558.

States, issued to W. J. Barber, No. 1,267,355

in which two streams of gas are; commingled and caused to burn without initial admixture with air. My present object is to. provide an effective ,burner in which separate streams or jets of gas are brought into confluence at converging angles together with separate streams of air topromote perfect 2 combustion under either low'or high gas pressure conditions, to prevent back-firm under a low or fluctuating gas pressure, an

to produce a spreading flame which may readily controlled and efliciently applied in restricted or confined s aces. To attain my general object I rovi e a burner body having reversely-inc ined burner nozzles which are particularly constructed to discharge attenuated streams or jets of gas into confluence with considerable force so as to spread the gas and produce an ovoidalv body of flame, the nozzles being also particularly constructed. to permit the gas streams to entrain just the right amount of air to maintain a sheath of flame around each jet or stream of gas under high-pressure operating conditions and also to pro-; mote a proper mixture of gas and air and a constant flame without back-firing under low-pressure conditions.

My conception involves the use of relatively small nozzles in which the respective air and gas passages are definitely proportioned to permit the. gas to issue with considerable velocity so that the cores of the converging streams will strike each other unburnt and only the outer sheath of gas and entrained air will flame or burn from the mouth of each nozzle to the oint of confluence. The unburnt core 0 gas in forcibly striking a similar core of gas at a converging angle intermingles and spreads in ovoidal form, and the necessary additional volume of air to create perfect combustion and an ovoidal body of flame is drawn into the area of confluence from the in color, using either natural or manufactured gas, and the height of the ovoidal body of blue flame varies from four to seven inches according to the gas pressure. In this way a horizontally-elongated body of flame may be produced which will not be too high to prevent its use in fire pots of restricted height, and an intense heating efi'ect is obtained within a small area, especially. when two or more pairs of such nozzles are closely grouped as herein illustrated. A further object is to provide aacast-iron or aluminum manifold having inclined burner nozzles detachably aiiixed thereto, the nozzles being of brass or other non-corrosive metal and I formed with relatively small gas orifices, so that corrosion cannot take 1 place to change the size or shape of the gas orifices and affect burning operations, especially after the burner has been in use for a long period of time. Thenozzles arealso grouped in a particular way to pro: mote instant ignition and to constantly maintain burning of the gases at all of the confluent places in the burner, and there are other details of construction which emi I body other objects as will hereinafter more fully appear in the detailed'description of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a top view of a circular burner body embodying my invention, and Fig. .2 is a sectionalview of the same burner on line 22 of Fig. 1." Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the burner body, lengthwise of one of its protuberan't portions and showing two. nozzles seated on the inclined faces thereof. Fig. 4 is a top of inclined nozzles, each pair. oi opposed nozzles which bring gas streams into con-v fluence being shown sli htly 'ottset axially. Fi 5 is a side View 0. the burner shown view of a burner havin six sets I in 1 4 and Fig. 6 is a top view of a pair of 0 set nozzles in action. y

As exemplified in Figs.'1 to 3 of-the drawin s, one form of the invention comprisesa hodlow ring or circular body 2 having an intake extension 3 at one side and a plugged opening 4 diametrically opposite intake 3. Thetop of body 2 is provided with a series of protuberances or raised. portions 5 at uniformly spaced radial places, and

these protuberances are rounded on top \and have their opposite ends flattened in re- 'ed upon a circular body 2 so'that separate pairs of nozzles will extend upwardly and directly toward each other in reversely-inclined converging relation at four sides of said body. Fig; 3 discloses that each protuberance 5 is adapted to supporttwo noz- 20.

zles 7 in open communication with a single gas pocket 5,, and that the two nozzles are 1 inclined at right angles away from each other, but each nozzle is also inclined upwardl in astraight line toward a corre sponding nozzle on an adjoining protuberance 5 on circular body 2, as shown in Fig.

2. In a squared arrangement of nozzles eight tubes are supported in pairs upon the body so that eight streams orjets of gas mixture are brought into confluence at four equally"distant places from the centeLof 'the open circular body, whereby the gases brought into confluence are caused to spread radially of the circle to provide four radial sheets of flame of oval form substantially as-indicatedin dotted lines in Fig. 1.

Each nozzle 7 is formed with a screwthreaded base portion 8 toermit it to be screwed into a screw-threa ed opening 8 formedcentrally within each flat inclined face 6, and a flattened enlargement 10 lpermits a wrench to be used in attaching and removing nozzle. A very small gasorifice I 9 is bored centrally within a cross wall in the lower end of the tube, and a larger bore 11 extends outwardly'therefrom to the upper end ormouth of the nozzle. One. or more lateral air intake openings 12 are made in the side of the tube in substantially the] same plane as the bottomof bore 11 and the outlet end of orifice 9, so that the fine stream or jet of gas issuing through 1orifice 9' will entrain a small amount ofa r through opening 12 arid bore 11 and effect apartial mix with a part of the gas stream to pro-' duce partial combustion opposite themouth of the tube. The pressure isnsually-such that the main stream of gas from'each orifice is jetted with considerable force axiallythrough bore'llinto the open beyond the mouth of the nozzle so. that themain admixture of gas and air to promote complete combustion is effected outside of each pair of reversely-inclined nozzles 7; An ovoidal sheet of flame is thereby vent. cloggin produced radially in respect to the center of circular body'2, and in a squared arrangement of nozzles as delineated in Fig. 1, there will be four oblongsheets of flame at right angles to each other and the inner edges of these sheets come close enough under full pressure to permit rapid ignition of all when any one of the four is ignited.

Vihen the gas is under full pressure these four sheets may also merge at their tops and form a single large body of flame Which avill give an intense heating effect in -a localized area above the open center of the burner. 1

'Circular body 2 is preferably made of cast-iron or aluminum and the nozzles may.

be made of brass or an alloy which will-not corrode readily, the purpose being to preor change in size of the gas orifices which must be very small in diameter and remain unobstructed to produce the desired jetting, mixing and burning effects. The angular setting of the tubes must also'be accurately effected to obtain the best results, and body 2 is therefore formed with separate protuberances 5 having flat inclined ends 6 to permit the screw-threaded openings 8 to be properly formed therein at the correct angle so as to seat and relate each pair of co-acting tubes at the desired in- .clination. Other factors to consider are the spacing or distance between the nozzles, the length of the nozzle, and the kind of gas being used. The flow of gas and the pressure is also controlled by a suitable valve, not shown, but understood to be used according to common practice, and when the gas-pressure is low or turned down to the maxlmum a ti) of blue flame'will burn atthemouth 0. .each nozzle without backfire and with a minimum-consumption of gas, and when turned on more fully or with full force the 'gas is jetted from each nozzle in suflicient volumea'nd at such velocity that two converging streams of gas strike and mix and spread before igniting-entirely and in so doing draw in air in suflicient volume from the surrounding space and around the nozzles to constantly'm'aintain a sheet of flame of considerable width and height. Theair entrained through the nozzlesmaintainsa thin sheath of blueflame around eachcore of gas jetted-from each nozzle, but the main flame is maintained by the larger volume of air drawn in from the open space above the burner and mixed with the gas after the converging jets of gas meet and strike each other with considerable velocity and spread upwardly and laterally in. a broad thin sheet. The flame is orange blue in color with both-natural gas and artificial or manufactured gas.

A different grouping of the nozzles may be effected without departing materially from the general scope and purpose of the invention set forth herein. Thus in Fig. 4 I show a circular body 2 having six sets of nozzles 7 arranged at equally distant radial places in the circle. In this burner the nozzles of each set are also staggered or ofiset axially in respect to each other, instead of being axially co-incidentas shown in Fig. 1, the purpose being to cause the separate jets of gas to strike each other with glancing effects, see Fig. 6, thereby producing a spreading sheet of flame obliquely or'tangentially to the circle instead of radi ally as occurs when the axes of the two jets are co-incident. To explain further, in alarge circular burner for a round fire box the radial distance from each pair of nozzles to the center of the burner may-be greatly in excess of the width of the sheetof flame produced by that pair of nozzles, and in order to avoid separate pilot lights for each set of nozzles, it is desirable" that the sheet of flame produced by one set ofnozzles may p be turned obliquely or at a tangent tothe circle so that when it is ignited it will in turn 1 quickly ignite the gas issuin from the next adjoining set of nozzles an so on around the circle, as indicated by the dotted arrows in Fig. 4. I

What I regard as my invention and desire to claim, is: h f

1. A gas burner for heating purposes adapted to produce complete combustion uniformly with various kinds of gases under varying or fluctuating gas ressures, comprising a hollow gas-distributing body having a pair of reversely-inclined nozzles adapted to bring separate streams of gas and air into confluence; each nozzle being a separate removable member having a base portion formed with an enlarged gas-intake recess terminating in a small and short/axial gas orifice adapted to promote highvelocity of discharge of the gas through the nozzle, and a lateral air intake opening in the base portion of said nozzle leading to the outlet end of said orifice.

2. A gas burner for heating purposes adapted to produce perfect combustion equally with either natural or manufactured gas orsuch gases mixed, at either low or high gas pressures, and under fluctuating pressures, comprising a hollow burner body having screw-threaded openings therein extending upwardly toward each other at substantiall right angles, and separate nozzles screwe into said openings having enlarged gas intakes terminating in short axial as orifices and formed with side air inta e openings in their base portions in substantially t e same plane as the outlet "end of the orifices adaptedto' bring separate streams of air and gas intoconflu'ence'.

3. A gas burner for heating purposes, adapted toproduce perfect combustion equally with various kinds of gases,under.

varying or fluctuating gas pressures comprising a hollow gas-distributing body having integral protuberances'provid'ed with reversely-inclined ,flat faces formed. with screw-threaded openings, and a pair of gas- -nozzles removably screwed into openings at right angles toward each other to permit separate streams of gas to be jetted into confluencewith fiat spreading effect, said noz-' zles having screw-threaded baseportions formed with enlarged intakes terminating in relatively short gas orifices in their base ortions and lateral intake openings at t eir 1 sides in substantially the same plane as the outlet end of said orifices to permit. a small 4. A gas' burner, comprising afpair of ,reversely related nozzles adapted'to project.

separate streams of gas into confluence, said nozzles being axially offset in slight degree to effect glancing impact of said streams of gas; and a spreading sheet of gas obliquely to-the stream line. i i

5. A gas burner comprising an unobstructed commingler tube having a cross port forming an air. inlet thereto and a gas jet amount of air to be entrained through each nozzle with each stream of gas.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. w

HARRY E. KERR.

DIS 3L.AIMER 1',560,248.'Harrg E. Kerr, Cleveland, Ohio. Gas BURNER. Patent dated November 3, 1925. Disclaimer filed May 23, 1931, by the assignee, The Barber Gas Burner Company. A I I Hereby enters this disclaimer to said claim 5 of said Letters Patent, which is in the following Words, to-wit:

5. A gas burner comprising an unobstructed commingler tube having a cross port forming an air inlet thereto and a gas jet aperture in the surface of said cross portaligned with said commingler tube, said air inlet port being restrieted in area to retard the rate of flame propagation in the mixture whereby said tube will be swept free from all flame at mixture velocities obtainable with normal gas pressure.

[Oficial Gazette June 16, 1931.] 

